Lesson Plan - Standing Up for Justice

About the Article

Learning Objective

Students will read about and analyze Emma Tenayuca’s leadership in the fight for Mexican American workers’ rights during the Great Depression.

Curriculum Connections

• The Great Depression 

• Labor Laws and Unions 

• Segregation 

• Discrimination, Prejudice, Sexism 

• Activism, Strikes, Protests 

• Inspiring Teens 

• Hispanic Heritage 

• Mexican Revolution 

Key Skills

Social Studies:

• Identify factors that build the personal identity of a leader 

• Understand the historical influence of authority on workers’ rights 

 • Examine the role and importance of activism for equality 

English Language Arts:

• Summarize information 

• Cite text evidence 

• Identify key details 

Key CCSS Standards

RH.6-8.1, RH.6-8.2, RH.6-8.3, RH.6-8.4, RH.6-8.5, RH.6-8.6, RH.6-8.7, RH.6-8.9, WHST.6-8.4, WHST.6-8.9, RI.6-8.1, RI.6-8.2, RI.6-8.3, RI.6-8.4, RI.6-8.5, RI.6-8.6, RI.6-8.7, RI.6-8.9, W.6-8.4, W.6-8.9

1. Preparing to Read

Build Knowledge and Vocabulary 

Before reading the article, prompt students to imagine themselves working at a job of their choosing. Invite students to share: Where do you see yourself working? What is it like there? How much are you paid? What are your rights as a worker? Then, use the Skill Builder Words to Know to preteach domain-specific terms from the article.

2. Reading and Discussing

Read the Article

Read the article aloud or have students read it independently or in pairs. As students read, direct them to circle or highlight any words whose meanings they are unsure of. 

Answer Close-Reading Questions

Have students write their responses, or use the Close-Reading Questions to guide a discussion.

• Use text evidence to explain how the Great Depression made the inequalities that Mexican Americans endured worse. (Skill: Text Evidence) 
During the Great Depression, Mexican Americans were wrongly blamed for taking jobs from White Americans. As a result, they faced anger, threats, and violence. Also, they often did not receive government aid. The text states, “. . . federal programs were set up to help provide struggling Americans with money, food, and even jobs. But people of Mexican descent were often denied access.” 

• Identify three events from the article that prove Emma Tenayuca’s statement: “I never thought in terms of fear . . . I thought in terms of justice.” (Skill: Supporting Claims with Evidence) 
In 1934, Emma Tenayuca joined a picket line to support workers’ rights even though a sheriff had warned that he might use force against the protesters. In 1935, she organized groups of female workers, joined picket lines, and staged protests in the face of prejudice and sexism. In 1938, she joined the front lines of the pecan shellers’ strike, where police used clubs and tear gas on strikers. In all three instances, she put herself at risk to stand up for what she believed was right. 

3. Skill Building

Analyze a Primary Source 

Direct students to the “Your Turn” activity at the end of the article. Pose these questions for students to consider: What traits must a person have to be able to “stick their head out,” like Emma Tenayuca did? Can you think of other leaders in history who have done this? If yes, who? 

Analyze an Image 

Using the Skill Builder Analyze an Image, have students study a historical photo from the article and respond to questions to analyze and reflect on the image. After students complete the activity, review responses as a class. 

Assess Comprehension

Assign the Know the News quiz, available in PDF and interactive forms. You can also use the Quiz Wizard to assess comprehension of this article and three others from the issue.

Printable Lesson Plan

Interactive Slide Deck

Text-to-Speech